It took me a week and a half to get Microsoft to fix this issue and multiple times contacting them via live chat and phone. The status 8015D080 means "Parent Account associated with the gamertag has been deleted."
Xbox Live won't let you go any further until you accept the new Terms of Use, but you cannot accept the new Terms of Use because it wants to make your Mom or Dad sign in using the "Parent Account" that has adult authority over your child account.
If the Microsoft Live "parent account" has been deleted, it throws you into a locked up status with this error code. Please note, I'm NOT talking about the Microsoft/Windows Live account that your gamertag is associated with. I'm talking about the OTHER Microsoft account that was once associated with it, the one that gives your parent control over the account. It's the "parent account." A second "adult" Microsoft account that is also linked to your gamertag.
The only way to fix this problem is this:
1. Create a new Microsoft account with no gamertag associated with it. This new one will be used as your new parent account. Create the new account at https://account.live.com/ Sign up using an e-mail address that you have not previously used for a Microsoft or Xbox Live account.
Do NOT start a new account at Xboxlive.com because if you do, it will automatically give you a new gamertag. You need a clean new Microsoft account with NO GAMERTAG associated with it.
2. Once you set up your Microsoft account at https://account.live.com/ go to the e-mail that you used for the account, and you should have an e-mail from Microsoft with a link for you to "verify" the e-mail address. Click the link and verify it.
3. Contact Microsoft support. Give them the status code. The Support person probably won't know what the code means so you will have to tell them you think you need a new parent account connected because the original parent account got deleted.
I got lucky on my third or fourth time contacting them and got somebody who put me on hold for a few minutes and he did some digging and eventually came back and told me status code 8015D080 means "Parent Account associated with the gamertag has been deleted."
So you need to tell them, "It means my parent account was deleted and that's why I can't get past these *#$*%*#$% New Terms of Use." (Only leave out the cussing.)
4. They will ask you what account you want connected as your new parent account. Give them the e-mail address for the new Microsoft account you just set up.
5. MAKE SURE the person knows you can access your account, and it's not an account recovery problem. You're locked up because there is no PARENT account and you need a new parent account connected.
6. Wait. The support person can't fix this for you; they have to submit a ticket to the "Specialists" to fix. (Engineers or programmers.)
(The reason for #5 is, when I finally had the problem figured out, somebody at Microsoft went to fix it on day 5 or 6 and instead of connecting the new parent account, they moved the gamertag over to the new account instead, and we still couldn't get past the new TOU!! It was still locked up because we still did not have a parent account connected.)
I hope this all makes sense. If you follow these steps, you should be able to get the problem fixed, but it should take a few days. Hopefully you can learn from my experience and it won't take a week & a half like it did for me.